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母猪在不同阶段对温度的偏好
发布单位:凯发平台
查看次数：6992
时间：2021-09-02
与30年前相比，现代母猪的代谢产热平均增加了16%。因此，为了满足现代母猪的需要，其适宜温度需要更新。本试验目的在于研究母猪在不同阶段对温度的偏好，以及是否需要更改适宜温度。
试验选用20头经产母猪（3.4±1.2胎），分别处于不同阶段，7头未怀孕母猪、6头妊娠中期母猪（58.5±5.68d），7头妊娠后期母猪（104.7±2.8天）。每头母猪单独测量温度偏好性，环境温度从10.4至30.5梯度提高，母猪可以自由选择合适温度。正式试验前，有24小时适应期，适应期后一次饲喂全天日粮，然后进入试验舍。在24小时试验期中，全程视频录像，记录母猪行为（不活动时间）、姿势（站立、趴卧、侧躺），并且每15分钟瞬时扫描样本记录位置信息。试验数据用SAS9.4的PROC MIXED模型进行分析。基于其待的时间最长的位置或温度，使用三次回归模型计算母猪最喜欢的温度。以最喜欢温度±SE计算每头母猪的适宜温度范围。
母猪不同妊娠程度显著影响其最适温度（P＜0.01）。妊娠后期母猪更偏好较冷的温度（14.0℃），妊娠中期母猪和未怀孕母猪均为14.8℃（P＜0.01）。
总之，母猪的偏好温度位于现推荐适宜温度（10-25℃）的前半部分。这个结果说明母猪对适宜温度后半部分可能感到不适，母猪的实际适宜温度范围会比推荐范围更窄。
Evaluation of sow thermal preference across three stages of reproduction
The metabolic heat production of modern pigs has increased by an average of 16%, compared with sows of 30 years ago. Therefore, it is likely that temperature recommendations require updating to meet the needs of modern pigs. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether different reproductive stages of sows altered thermal preference and if current recommendations required updating. Twenty multiparous sows (3.4 ± 1.2 parity) in different reproductive stages (nonpregnant: n = 7; mid-gestation: 58.5 ± 5.68 d, n = 6; and late-gestation: 104.7 ± 2.8 d, n = 7) were tested. Thermal preference was individually tested, and sows could freely choose a temperature, using a thermal gradient between 10.4 and 30.5 °C. Sows were given 24 h to acclimate to the thermal apparatus. Before testing began, sows were given daily feed allotment and returned to the apparatus. Video from the 24-h test period was used to record sow behavior (time spent inactive), posture (upright and sternal and lateral lying), and location using instantaneous scan samples every 15 min. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED procedure in SAS 9.4. A cubic regression model was used to calculate the sow’s most preferred temperature based on the location, or temperature, in which they spent the most time. The preference range was calculated using peak temperature preference ±SE for each sow. The reproductive stage altered where sows spent their time within the thermal gradient (P < 0.01). Late-gestation sows preferred cooler temperatures (14.0 °C) than mid-gestation (14.8 °C; P < 0.01) and nonpregnant sows (14.8 °C; P < 0.01). In summary, sow thermal preferences were within the lower half of the current recommended range (10 to 25 °C). This indicates that temperatures at the higher end of the recommended range could be uncomfortable to sows and that the thermal comfort zone of sows may be narrower than recommendations indicate.
文章来源：猪营养国际论坛
【免责声明】：文章来源于网络，我们对文中陈述观点判断保持中立，并不对文章观点负责。仅供读者参考。版权属于原作者。
试验选用20头经产母猪（3.4±1.2胎），分别处于不同阶段，7头未怀孕母猪、6头妊娠中期母猪（58.5±5.68d），7头妊娠后期母猪（104.7±2.8天）。每头母猪单独测量温度偏好性，环境温度从10.4至30.5梯度提高，母猪可以自由选择合适温度。正式试验前，有24小时适应期，适应期后一次饲喂全天日粮，然后进入试验舍。在24小时试验期中，全程视频录像，记录母猪行为（不活动时间）、姿势（站立、趴卧、侧躺），并且每15分钟瞬时扫描样本记录位置信息。试验数据用SAS9.4的PROC MIXED模型进行分析。基于其待的时间最长的位置或温度，使用三次回归模型计算母猪最喜欢的温度。以最喜欢温度±SE计算每头母猪的适宜温度范围。
母猪不同妊娠程度显著影响其最适温度（P＜0.01）。妊娠后期母猪更偏好较冷的温度（14.0℃），妊娠中期母猪和未怀孕母猪均为14.8℃（P＜0.01）。
总之，母猪的偏好温度位于现推荐适宜温度（10-25℃）的前半部分。这个结果说明母猪对适宜温度后半部分可能感到不适，母猪的实际适宜温度范围会比推荐范围更窄。
Evaluation of sow thermal preference across three stages of reproduction
The metabolic heat production of modern pigs has increased by an average of 16%, compared with sows of 30 years ago. Therefore, it is likely that temperature recommendations require updating to meet the needs of modern pigs. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether different reproductive stages of sows altered thermal preference and if current recommendations required updating. Twenty multiparous sows (3.4 ± 1.2 parity) in different reproductive stages (nonpregnant: n = 7; mid-gestation: 58.5 ± 5.68 d, n = 6; and late-gestation: 104.7 ± 2.8 d, n = 7) were tested. Thermal preference was individually tested, and sows could freely choose a temperature, using a thermal gradient between 10.4 and 30.5 °C. Sows were given 24 h to acclimate to the thermal apparatus. Before testing began, sows were given daily feed allotment and returned to the apparatus. Video from the 24-h test period was used to record sow behavior (time spent inactive), posture (upright and sternal and lateral lying), and location using instantaneous scan samples every 15 min. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED procedure in SAS 9.4. A cubic regression model was used to calculate the sow’s most preferred temperature based on the location, or temperature, in which they spent the most time. The preference range was calculated using peak temperature preference ±SE for each sow. The reproductive stage altered where sows spent their time within the thermal gradient (P < 0.01). Late-gestation sows preferred cooler temperatures (14.0 °C) than mid-gestation (14.8 °C; P < 0.01) and nonpregnant sows (14.8 °C; P < 0.01). In summary, sow thermal preferences were within the lower half of the current recommended range (10 to 25 °C). This indicates that temperatures at the higher end of the recommended range could be uncomfortable to sows and that the thermal comfort zone of sows may be narrower than recommendations indicate.
文章来源：猪营养国际论坛
【免责声明】：文章来源于网络，我们对文中陈述观点判断保持中立，并不对文章观点负责。仅供读者参考。版权属于原作者。
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